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Calverton is a Nottinghamshire parish, of some , about seven miles north-east of Nottingham, England, and situated, like nearby Woodborough and Lambley, on one of the small tributaries of the Dover Beck. The 2011 census found 7,076 inhabitants in 2,987 households. About two miles to the north of the village is the site of the supposed deserted settlement of Salterford. The parish is bounded on the south-east by Woodborough, to the south-west by Arnold, Papplewick and Ravenshead, to the north by Blidworth, and to the north-east by Oxton and Epperstone.〔(Calverton ecclesiastical parish map ); The Civil Parish is larger and includes part of Daybrook ecclesiastical parish, either side of Gravelly Hollow.〕 During most of its existence Calverton was a forest village, in that part of Sherwood known as Thorney Wood Chase, with a rural economy limited by a lack of grazing land, in which handicrafts (like woodworking and the knitting of stockings), must in consequence have assumed a more than usual importance.〔J. Thirsk, (ed.), ''The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Vol.IV, 1500-1640'' (Cambridge, 1967), p.97; J. R. Birrell, 'Peasant Craftsmen in the Medieval Forest', ''Agricultural History Review'', 17 (1969), ''passim.''〕 The parliamentary enclosure of 1780 brought some agrarian progress to the village, but it was not until the opening of a colliery by the National Coal Board in 1952, that the village began to assume its present identity, with new housing estates and marked population growth. The colliery closed in 1999 and while a small industrial estate provides some local employment, Calverton has taken on the character of a large commuter village. In May 1974 the village was officially twinned with Longué-Jumelles, in the Loire valley of France . ==Toponymy== The place appears as ''Calvretone'' in the Domesday survey of 1086 and as ''Kalvirton'' in the ''Rotuli Hundredorum'' of 1275. Scholars believe that the name means "the farm of the calves", from OE calf (genitive plural "calfra" + ''tūn''.〔J. Glover, A. Mawer & F. Stenton, ''Place-Names of Nottinghamshire'' (Cambridge, 1940), p.158 ;A.D. Mills, ''Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names'' (Oxford, 2003); H. Mutschmann, ''The Place-Names of Nottinghamshire: Their Origin and Development'' (Cambridge, 1913), p.29〕 It is intriguing that a forest village, with a presumed shortage of grazing land, should be named for the young of domestic cattle; perhaps it was the atypical presence of a calf farm, in the woodland landscape, that ensured its name. Calverton is one of a number of settlements in the area (with Oxton, Bulcote and Lambley), which contain animal place name elements; this has inevitably led to speculation that there was some undiscovered ancient functional connection between the places. Salterford (''q.v.'') was ''Saltreford'' in 1086 and probably means "ford of the salters", where salter refers to a salt–dealer or carrier, rather than a maker of the commodity.〔J. Glover, A. Mawer & F. Stenton, ''ibid''〕 Although the place was situated in the forest, the road to York, or King’s Highway (the precursor of the A614) passed close by, and this may well have been frequented by salt-carriers.〔Mutschmann, ''Ibid'', p.116〕 An alternative explanation that it is derived from a ford near to a saltery, or deer-leap, (Latin ''saltatorium'') on the boundary of the royal hunting ground of Sherwood Forest, and had nothing to do with salt is, perhaps, less likely.〔M. C. Higham, ‘Take it with a pinch of Salt’ in ''Landscape History'', vol 25 (2003), pp.59-65 ; E.P.Shirley, ''Some account of English deer parks: with notes on the management of deer'' (1867), p.14〕 Some deer parks were established in the Anglo-Saxon era, but this would be a very early use of the word saltery. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Calverton, Nottinghamshire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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